Binary fission -type of asexual reproduction in which an organism replicates its DNA and divides in half, producing two identical daughter cells
Chemoautotroph -organism that makes organic carbon molecules from carbon dioxide using energy from chemical reactions
Chemoheterotroph -organism that must take in organic molecules for both energy and carbon
Coccus -spherical prokaryote
Conjugation -form of sexual reproduction in which paramecia and some prokaryotes exchange genetic information
Endospore -type of spore formed when a bacterium produces a thick internal wall that encloses its DNA and a portion of its cytoplasm
Facultative anaerobe -organism that can survive with or without oxygen
Nitrogen fixation -process of converting nitrogen gas into ammonia
Obligate aerobe -organism that requires a constant supply of oxygen in order to live
Obligate anaerobe -organism that cannot live in the prsence of oxygen
Photoautotroph -organism that uses energy from sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water to carbon compounds
Photoheterotroph -organism that is photosynthetic but needs organic compounds as a carbon source
Prokaryote-unicellular organism lacking a nucleus
Spirillum -spiral or corkscrew-shaped prokaryote
19-2 Virus
Bacteriophage -virus that infects bacteria
Capsid -outer protein coat of a virus
Lysogenic infection -process by which a virus embeds its DNA into the DNA of the host cell and is replicated along with the host cell's DNA
Lytic infection -process in which a virus enters a cell, makes a copy of itself, and causes the cell to burst
Prophage -the viral DNA that is embedded in the host cell's DNA
Retrovirus -virus that contains RNA as its genetic information
Virus -particle made up of nucleic, protein, and in some cases lipids that can replicate only by infecting living cells
19-3 Diseases Caused by Bacteria amd Viruses
Antibiotic -compound that blocks the growth and reproduction of bacteria
Pathogen -disease-causing agent
Prion -infectious particle made up of protein rather than RNA or DNA
Vaccine -a preparation of weakened or killed pathogens
Viroid -single-stranded RNA molecule that has no surrounding capsids
Viruses
Summary of the Unit:
This chapter covers three main topics: bacteria, viruses, and infectious diseases. After we completed our project, we reflected on what we learned about each of the topics. Lyndsey learned that bacteria has a lot to do with the way we live in terms of food, beverages, mining minerals, etc. Jake learned that viruses cannot be treated by antibiotics, but by vaccinations. Jeff learned that there are three ways infectious diseases can be spread: food-borne, person-to-person, and air-borne.
You can follow this link (that we used for each of the topics) to the on-line textbook to learn more information about Microbiology:
Topic: Microbiology
Lyndsey Stevens, Jake Naar, and Jeff Kitchen
Homepage done by Lyndsey Stevens
Objectives of the Chapter:
Terms to Know for Microbiology:
19-1 Bacteria
19-2 Virus
Bacteriophage -virus that infects bacteria
19-3 Diseases Caused by Bacteria amd Viruses
This chapter covers three main topics: bacteria, viruses, and infectious diseases. After we completed our project, we reflected on what we learned about each of the topics. Lyndsey learned that bacteria has a lot to do with the way we live in terms of food, beverages, mining minerals, etc. Jake learned that viruses cannot be treated by antibiotics, but by vaccinations. Jeff learned that there are three ways infectious diseases can be spread: food-borne, person-to-person, and air-borne.
You can follow this link (that we used for each of the topics) to the on-line textbook to learn more information about Microbiology:
http://www.pearsonsuccessnet.com/snpapp/iText/BrowseITEXTServlet?eventType=openIEXT&ISBN=0-13-181118-5&ISBNUrl=%2FiText%2Fproducts%2F0-13-181118-5%2Findex.html&ITEXTOID=0-13-181118-5&EnrollmentOID=8CEB867A7726C022E040A00A9F0E6DF4&DisplayTitle=Prentice+Hall+Biology+©2006&TitleInFrame=Y&classPeriodOid=dc4d88ac81fb4b2294fcf665990241e5&isbnUrlIsJavascript=false